肿瘤的液态活检

Liquid biopsy for cancers

肿瘤的液态活检主要是指对肿瘤患者体液样本中多种肿瘤标志物和细胞的检测,包括肿瘤标志物分子、循环肿瘤细胞、循环肿瘤DNA和外泌体。液态活检是一种新兴的非侵入式分子病理检测方法,对肿瘤的早期诊断、实时监测、预后分析和复发的风险评估等方面具有重大应用价值。作者主要从分子检测技术和临床应用等方面综合阐述液态活检在肿瘤诊疗领域的应用前景及面临的挑战。

The detection of tumor-derived molecular biomarkers and cells that mainly exist in the bloodstream and other body fluids from patients with cancer,known as the liquid biopsy,which involves identified tumor markers,circulating tumor cells,circulating tumor DNA and exosomes.As an emerging kind of non-invasive molecular pathological technique,it can be used for a variety of clinical applications,including the early diagnostic of cancer,real-time monitoring of tumor progression,risk assessment of relapse and prediction of prognosis in patients with cancer.In this article,advances in the novel techniques and clinical applications as well as the challenge for liquid biopsy will be reviewed.