我国渔业台风灾害风险评价及区划研究

On Risk Evaluation and Zoning of Typhoon Disaster to Fishery in China

为分析我国易遭受台风灾害的13个省、市、自治区渔业台风灾害风险,文章从台风气象灾害的危险性、渔业系统的敏感性、脆弱性和抗灾减灾能力4要素的内涵出发,共选取18个指标,建立完备的渔业台风灾害风险评价指标体系,并运用熵值法确定各指标的权重,计算出各地区的渔业台风灾害风险指数。同时根据风险指数的大小,将这些地区分为4个等级:高风险区为广东和福建,中风险区为海南、山东、浙江和江苏,低风险区为江西、广西、辽宁和安徽,微风险区为河北、上海和天津。最后根据研究结果,提出区别化加大渔业基础设施投资力度、重视渔业主产区风险管理以及差异化推广政策性渔业保险的建议,旨在为渔业台风灾害的有效管理提供参考。

1 8 indexes were selected and a complete risk evaluation index system of typhoon disas-ter to fishery was established in this paper,to assess the typhoon disaster risk to fishery in 13 provinces (cities,districts)which are vulnerable,considering the connotation of typhoon’ s hazard, the exposure,vulnerability and emergency response and recovery capacity of fishery system.En-tropy value method to determine the weight of each index was then used to calculate the score of risk index for each region’ s typhoon disaster to fishery.According to the value of the risk index, these regions were divided into four grades:the high risk areas are Guangdong and Fujian,medi-um risk areas are Hainan,Shandong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu,low risk areas are Jiangxi,Guangxi,Li-aoning and Anhui and negligible risk areas are Hebei,Shanghai and Tianjin.According to the re-sults,it was suggested that the investment in the area of the infrastructure should be increased with different measures and levels.Besides the government should put more emphasize on risk management of the fisheries produce district,as well as put different attentions to extent the fish-ery insurance policy.