基于可持续发展视角的渔民对海洋渔业资源利用的评价研究——以福建省惠安县渔民为例

Evaluation Research on Fishermen's Utilization of Marine Resources Based on Sustainable Development View:A Case of Fishermen in Huian County of Fujian Province

长期高强度的捕捞、不科学的捕捞方式、海洋环境污染等问题导致我国海洋渔业资源的再生能力受到严重破坏,渔民作为发展渔业经济和利用海洋资源的主体,其意识和行为都与渔业的可持续发展紧密相关。文章通过对福建省惠安县渔民进行问卷调查,对2014年惠安县渔民文化程度、收入状况以及对海洋渔业各方面的了解程度和行为态度进行分析,初步探究渔民对海洋渔业资源的认知度和对海洋渔业政策的认可度及其影响渔民评价因素。最后对转变渔民利用海洋资源的行为和观念提出相应政策建议,有助于实现海洋资源的可持续利用。

Long-term and high-intensity fishing,unscientific fishing practices,pollution of the marine environment and other issues have led to serious damages on the regenerative capacity of marine fishery resources.Being the main body of fishery economy development and utilization of marine resources,the fishermen's consciousness and behavior are closely linked with the sustainable development of fisheries.In this paper,the cultural degree,income and consumption levels,as well as the behaviors and attitudes on fisheries of the fishermen were analyzed,through a questionnaire survey in Huian County of Fujian Province in 2014.The fishermen's cognition for marine fishery resources and policy recognition,and the factors influencing the evaluation of fishermen were preliminary explored.Appropriate policy proposals were made to change the fishermen's behavior and concept of development and utilization of marine resources,to achieve sustainable use of marine resources.