尾矿库溃坝及尾矿泄漏事故树安全评价与预防

FTA-based safety evaluation and prevention of dam break and tailings leakage in tailings reservoir

对尾矿库的危害、安全评价方法以及预防措施进行了系统研究。采用事故树分析方法对某尾矿库进行安全评价,结果表明:引起尾矿库溃坝及尾矿泄漏的途径及原因均是多方面的,二者的途径分别为17种和12种,应在实际生产过程中密切关注这些途径,努力排查,加强预控;针对尾矿库可能出现的不同情况制定出科学合理的应对措施,加强事前预控,可减少尾矿库溃坝及尾矿泄漏事故。

The hazards, safety evaluation methods and preventive measures of tailings reservoir were systematically studied. The fault tree analysis( FTA) of a tailings reservoir was performed. The results showed that the ways and causes of the tailings reservoir failure and tailings leakage were various, with 17 and 12 ways, respectively. Close attention should be paid to these ways in the actual production process and great efforts made to investigate them and strengthen the pre-control. According to the different conditions that may appear in tailings reservoir, scientific and reasonable countermeasures should be put forward, and pre-control strengthened, which could greatly reduce the losses caused by tailings reservoir dam failure and tailings reservoir leakage.