核电厂放射性包容与通风系统

Containment and ventilation systems for nuclear power plants

核电厂在正常运行和事故工况下均会产生放射性物质,通风系统可以用来大大减少正常运行、事故工况下放射性核素的释放,并能起到缓解事故后果的作用。文章阐述了核电厂放射性包容和遏制系统,以及空气净化装置的组成和功能,通过综合对比各国标准,并在充分考虑我国基本国情的基础上,给出CPR1000与CPR1000+设计中可采用的部件的气密性要求和HEPA过滤器和碘吸附器的效率指标的推荐值,以供相关设计人员参考。

For nuclear power plants,radioactive substances will be released spontaneously during normal operating conditions and accident conditions.Then,ventilation systems should be designed to reduce the release of radioactive nuclides,and to mitigate accident consequences.The composition and function of containment/confinement systems and the air-cleaning units are discussed in this paper.Through comprehensive contrast of national standards,and fully considering the basic situation of China,the leak tightness requirements of ventilation components,and recommendatory efficiency of HEPA filter and iodine absorber are given for the design of CPR1000 and CPR1000+.