地震与声波测井匹配校正方法研究

Study on correct methods matching seismic data with sonic logging data

地震资料与测井数据之间的匹配问题已成为地震岩性解释、油藏描述、储层反演以及储层监测过程中的主要问题。目前 ,用于地震与测井匹配校正的方法主要有经典的闭合差校正法、基于杨氏谐振 Q模型的直接匹配法以及基于多分辨分析技术的匹配方法。经典的闭合差校正方法简单直观 ,适应性强 ,但当不存在 VSP数据时 ,需要先进行准确的合成记录制作和层位对比 ;基于杨氏谐振 Q模型的校正方法虽然可直接进行测井与地震数据的匹配 ,但其对测井速度精度要求较高 ,且仅对闭合差为正偏差的情形适用 ;多分辨分析方法与经典闭合差校正具有不足之处相同 ,但前者自动化程度较后者要高。本文在系统分析现有匹配校正方法的基础上 ,提出一种基于最小二乘原理的新的匹配滤波方法 ,该方法可从时间、相位、频率等多方面实现合成记录与地震记录的匹配、校正 ,且效果良好。

The matching of seismic and logging data has become one of the main factors that has impact on seismic lithologic interpretation, reservoir description, reservoir inversion and reservoir monitoring. At present, classical interval transit time difference correct method, directly matching method based on Yang's resonant Q model and the method based on multi resolution analysis are main correcting method used for matching of seismic and logging data.Classical method,which is a simple and straightforward procedure and has strong adaptability,needs accurate synthetic seismic record and stratigraphic correction when there is not VSP data.The correct method based on Yang's resonant Q model can directly match logging with seismic data,but it requires high accurate logging velocity data and it is suitable for positive interval transit time difference.The multi resolution method has the same shortcoming as the classical method but has higher automatic degree than the latter.On the basis of analyzing present methods systemically,a new matching method based on least square theory is presented which can carry out the matching of synthetic seismogram with seismic trace from different aspects such as time,phase and frequency etc,and has good matching results.