基于Delphi法的早产儿过渡期家庭参与式护理方案的构建及KANO评价

The construction and KANO evaluation that based on Delphi method of family participatory nursing scheme for premature infants in transitional period

目的构建科学、规范、人性化的早产儿过渡期家庭参与式护理方案,为提高早产儿护理水平和院外护理质量奠定基础。方法采用Delphi法对15名专家进行两轮问卷函询,制订早产儿过渡期家庭参与式护理方案,并对200例参与该方案的患儿父母进行基于KANO模型的问卷调查,分析方案各条目满意度-重要度矩阵分布。结果两轮函询问卷有效回收率均为100.00%;专家权威程度分别为0.798和0.800;一、二级指标各条目变异系数在0.072～0.196之间;构建的护理方案包括6项一级指标和36项二级指标。正反向问卷信度分析Cronbach'sα系数分别为0.916和0.954;满意度-重要度矩阵项目分布中,优势区8项,待改进区6项,次要改进区10项,维持区12项。结论构建的护理方案能够满足早产儿过渡期家庭参与式护理要求,提升早产儿护理质量,并为其院外护理奠定基础,值得临床应用和推广。

Objective To construct a scientific,standardized and humanized family participatory nursing scheme for premature infants in transitional period,so as to lay a solid foundation for improving the level of nursing care and the quality of out-of-hospital care for premature infants.Methods Totally,15 experts were questionnaire enquiries by used Delphi consultation method to formulated the family participatory nursing scheme for premature infants.During the implementation of the scheme,200 families of children participating in the program were investigated by questionnaire based on the KANO model,and the KANO attribute,importance and satisfaction degree of various programs were analyzed.Results The recovery rates of the two questionnaires were 100%,the degree of experts authority were 0.798 and 0.800,the coefficient of variation of items was between 0.072 and 0.196,and the family participatory nursing scheme for premature infants in transitional period was constructed including 6 primary items and 36 secondary items.The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the reliability analysis of forward and reverse questionnaires was 0.916 and 0.954 respectively.In the satisfaction-importance matrix,there were 8 items in the dominant area,6 items in the improvement area,10 items in the secondary improvement area,and 12 items in the maintenance area.Conclusion The nursing scheme constructed method can meet the requirements of family participatory nursing in the transition period of premature infants,improve the quality of nursing for premature infants,and lay a good foundation for their out-of-hospital nursing,which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.