从“池塘模型”与“捕捞法则”的视角解构大学生态系统与大学排名体系

The Game of University Ranking: the Deconstruction of the University Ecosystem and Universities Ranking System from Perspective of “Pond Model” and “Fishing Rules”

文章将大学生态系统类比池塘生态系统,并提出大学的'池塘模型'与大学评价的'捕捞法则';选取影响较为广泛的12个世界大学排行榜和中国大学排行榜,以大学排名观测点分析为核心,从大学排名的'区分度'和'灵敏度'两个维度,对大学排行榜进行分析;并提出中国大学排名应过四道关:筑牢公信关,遵守'公开、公平、公正'的评价原则;克服功利关,大学排行榜应作为大学建设的参照而非航标;严把方向观,强化人才培养和社会效益有效评价;勇闯时代关,由信息技术革命赋能评价手段。

Comparing the university ecosystem to the pond ecosystem,this paper proposes the'Pond Model'and'Fishing Rules'.Twelve world university rankings and Chinese university rankings are selected to be analyzed from the two dimensions of the'differentiation'and'sensitivity',taking the analysis of the observing points the university ranking as the core.This paper puts forward suggestions for Chinese university evaluation system:the universities rankings should stick to four principles:strengthen the public of openness and abide by the evaluation principle of fairness and justice.The universities rankings should be used as a reference for university construction rather than as a navigation mark,and overcome the utilitarian level.The universities rankings should strictly control the concept of direction and strengthen the effective evaluation of talents cultivation and social benefits,and information technology should be applied to means of the evaluation and bravely break through the times.