我国高等教育财政的充足、均衡与收敛

Adequacy, Equilibrium and Convergence of Higher Education Finance in China

文章从充足性、均衡性和收敛性的视角出发,揭示我国高等教育财政'较充足、低均衡、快收敛'等三大特点,具体表现为:财政性经费占GDP比重偏低,但生均公共经费指数较高;以阿特金森指数衡量的地区均衡性较低;全国以及大部分地区的高等教育财政均存在绝对收敛和条件收敛。政府应继续加强生均财政经费的长效增长机制,同时兼顾类属、地区与层次差异,优化生均综合定额和专项经费的设置。

From the perspective of adequacy,equilibrium and convergence,this paper reveals the three characteristics of higher education finance in China:the proportion of fiscal expenditure in GDP is low,but the index of public expenditure per student is high;the regional equilibrium measured by Atkinson index is low;there exist absolute and conditional convergence of fiscal expenditure in the full sample and the regional samples.This paper argues that the government should continue to strengthen the long-term growth mechanism of the per student financial expenditure,while taking into account the differences of category,region and level,and optimize the establishment of the comprehensive quota and earmarked grants.