1日龄大通牦牛心肌低氧适应的组织学特点研究

Study of histological characteristics of myocardial hypoxia adaptation in one-day-old Datong yak

为了研究大通牦牛适应高原低氧环境的组织学特点,试验选取1日龄大通牦牛作为研究对象,以1日龄海晏牦牛和1日龄平原黄牛为对照,采用免疫组织化学方法与透射电镜分别对心肌血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、微血管密度(MVD)和心肌线粒体平均体积、体积密度、面数密度等结构参数进行了检测并对检测结果进行分析。结果表明:大通牦牛心肌VEGF和MVD表达量均高于海晏牦牛和平原黄牛,差异显著(P<0.05);大通牦牛心肌线粒体平均体积、体积密度均大于海晏牦牛和平原黄牛,差异显著(P<0.05),平原黄牛心肌线粒体面数密度均大于海晏牦牛和大通牦牛,差异显著(P<0.05)。说明新生大通牦牛心肌组织对高原低氧环境有良好的适应性,主要表现为心肌组织线粒体体积大、数量少、体积密度高,以及心肌VEGF和MVD表达量较高的特点。

In order to elucidate histological characteristics of Datong yak adapting to the high-altitude hypoxia environment,one-day-old Datong yaks were selected as the study object and one-day-old Haiyan yaks and plain cattles were used as controls.Immunohistochemical technique was employed to test the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and microvessel density(MVD),and transmission electron microscopy was used to study the structural parameters such as myocardial mitochondrial average volume,volume density,and the numerical density on area,and analyzed the detection results.Results showed that myocardial VEGF and MVD of Datong yaks were significantly higher than those in the Haiyan yaks and plain cattles(P<0.05).The average volume and volume density of myocardial mitochondria of Datong yaks were significantly greater than that of Haiyan yaks and plain cattles(P<0.05).In addition,the numerical density on area of myocardial mitochondrial in plain cattles were significantly higher than that of Haiyan yaks and Datong yaks(P<0.05).The results indicates that the myocardial tissue of the newborn Datong yak have good adaptability to the plateau hypoxic environment.The main features are the large volume,small number,high volume density of myocardial tissue mitochondria,and the higher characteristics of myocardial VEGF and MVD.