不同P、K肥水平对沙地羊草形态特征及产量的影响

Effects of different P and K levels on morphological characteristics and yield of Leymus chinensis in sandy land

为了确定科尔沁地区羊草草地适宜的P、K肥施用量,试验对人工建植的羊草草地设2个单因素水平试验,分别施不同水平P肥(0,50,100,150,200 kg/hm^2,分别用P0、P1、P2、P3、P4表示)、K肥(0,50,100,150,200 kg/hm^2,分别用K0、K1、K2、K3、K4表示),探究不同水平P肥、K肥对沙地羊草形态特征及产量的影响。结果表明:P1水平下沙地羊草旗叶、倒二叶叶面积最大;P2水平下沙地羊草茎重和叶重最高,茎叶比最低,干草产量最高。不同施K肥水平下沙地羊草株高无显著变化(P>0.05);K2水平下茎粗最大;随施K肥水平的增加茎重和叶重呈升高的趋势,K1水平下茎叶比最低,K肥可有效增加沙地羊草叶面积;沙地羊草干草产量随施K肥水平的增加而升高,K4水平下羊草干草产量最高,但与K3水平差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明科尔沁沙地建植人工羊草草地获得最大干草产量且成本较低的施肥量为在施N肥100 kg/hm^2,施K肥100 kg/hm^2条件下,施P肥量为P2水平(100 kg/hm^2)最佳;在施N肥100 kg/hm^2,P肥100 kg/hm^2条件下,施K肥量为K3水平(150 kg/hm^2)最佳。

The aim of this sdudy was to determine the suitable amount of P and K fertilizer for Leymus chinensis grassland in Horqin area.In this sdudy,two single factor tests were set up on the artificial cultivated Leymus chinensis grassland,and different levels of P(0,50 kg/hm^2,100 kg/hm^2,150 kg/hm^2,and 200 kg/hm^2)were expressed in P0,P1,P2,P3,and P4,respectively,and different levels of K(0,50 kg/hm^2,100 kg/hm^2,150 kg/hm^2,and 200 kg/hm^2)were expressed in K0,K1,K2,K3,and K4,respectively.The morphological characteristics and yield of Leymus chinensis at different levels of P and K fertilizers were detected.The results showed that the area of Leymus chinensis flag leaf and the two leaf area were the largest at P1 level.At P2 level,the stem weight and leaf weight of the Leymus chinensis were the highest,the stem leaf ratio was the smallest,and the hay yield was the highest.There was no significant difference in the height of Leymus chinensis at different K levels(P>0.05),and the stem thick of Leymus chinensis was the largest at K2 level.With the increase of potassium level,the stem weight and leaf weight of Leymus chinensis showed an increasing trend.The stem leaf ratio of Leymus chinensis was the smallest at K1 level,and potassium fertilizer could increase the area of Leymus chinensis leaf effectively.The yield of Leymus chinensis increased with the increase of K level,and the yield of Leymus chinensis at K4 level was the highest,but there was no significant difference compared with the K3 level(P>0.05).The preliminary conclusion was that the yield of maximum hay yield and low cost of planting artificial Leymus chinensis grassland in Horqin sandy land was as follows:under 100 kg/hm^2 nitrogen fertilizer(N),100 kg/hm^2 potassium fertilizer,the amount of phosphorus applied to P2(100 kg/hm^2)was the best,under 100 kg/hm^2 nitrogen fertilizer(N),100 kg/hm^2 phosphate fertilizer,the amount of potassium applied to K3(150 kg/hm^2)was the best.