卤代烃的性质演示实验设计的研究

Research on Design of Demonstrative Experiment for Properties of Alkyl Halide

针对中学教材卤代烃的性质演示实验不容易使学生正确地理解卤代烃的取代和消去反应的问题,依据卤代烃的性质演示实验的目的和原理,设计卤代烃的性质演示实验.探讨了实验装置、卤代烃的结构、实验现象、实验方法对演示实验教学的影响.将其用于课堂教学,实验现象明显、直观、生动、正确地反映了卤代烃在同一实验条件下,既可发生取代又可发生消去反应这一客观事实,为中学生在将来学习大学化学中卤代烃打下了坚实的基础.

Aiming to solve the problem that students can not correctly understand the substitution and elimination reaction of alkyl halide in the textbook,design a new method according to the purpose and principle of alkyl halide's properties in demonstrative experiments. The influences on teaching,including the experimental facility,the structure of alkyl halide,experimental phenomenon and experimental method,were discussed. Using this method in class teaching,experimental phenomenon is clear,visual and vivid. It can reflect the objective fact that for alkyl halide,the substitution and the elimination reaction can both happen under a certain condition. And it will build a solid basis for their future study in college.