基于Gini系数的我国卫生资源现状分析

目的:卫生资源配置是卫生系统政策与体制的基础,对2012年我国主要卫生资源进行公平性分析,为卫生资源优化配置及其相关决策提供科学依据。方法:采用Lorenz曲线和Gini系数,从我国各地区人口分布的角度,分析卫生资源配置的公平性。结果:2012年我国卫生资源按人口分布的Gini系数范围为0.15-0.60,各种卫生资源的公平性差异较大。结论:2012年我国主要卫生资源按人口分布的公平性差异很大,其中医疗机构、床位数、注册护士处于比较合理的状态,而卫生技术人员和执业医师的配置公平性差别较大,均超过0.4的警戒线。

Health resource allocation is the basis for policy and regulation of health delivery system, to analyze the equity of the 2012 national health resources, to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of health resources and related decision mak-ing. Methods: The Lorenz curve and Gini Coefficient are used, from the perspective of population distribution in the various regions of the country, to analysis of the equity of health resource allocation. Results: The national health resources whose Gini coefficient is in the range of 0.15-0.60 according to the distribution of population in 2012, the fairness of health resources are various. Conclusions: The equity of national health resources allocation according to the population distribution are various in 2012, among them the medical in-stitutions, beds, registered nurse are in a reasonable state, but the health technical personnel and the practicing physician fair alloca-tion of larger differences, all more than 0.4 of the warning line.