辽代乌州考——兼论契丹早期的族源之辩

Study on the Wuzhou in Liao Dynasty——Discrimination on the early origin of Qidan

通过田野调查,运用遥感考古技术,并结合文献记载,认为辽代的乌山和乌丸山,属一山二名,是通辽市科尔沁左翼后旗境内的大吐尔基山;乌州是通辽市科尔沁左翼后旗的好来城址;乌丸川当指大吐尔基山(乌丸山)所处西辽河与教来河之间的沙地。在阿保机时代,契丹在族源的问题上,将自己认作为东胡中的乌桓一系。因此,对乌山(乌丸山)加以祭祀。辽太宗时期,将这一认识更正为东胡中的鲜卑一系。既然契丹源出鲜卑,就没有必要对乌山(乌丸山)加以祭祀了。

By field research method and the technology of remote sensing archaeology,and combined with the literature records,it was considered that the Wu Mountain was just the Wuwan Mountain,they were two names of the same mountain. It was also the Mountain Big Turki in the Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner.Wuzhou was the Haolai townsite of the Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner. The Wuwanchuan(Wuwan Mountain)refereed to the sand area between the Jiaolai River and the Xiliao River,which was the location of the Big Turki Mountain. During the period of ABaoji,Qidan Regarded itself as the Wuhuan branch of Donghu in the ethic origin problem. Hence,Qidan people offered sacrifices to the Wu Mountain(i. e. Wuwan Mountain) and regarded it as their ancestor mountain. During the period of Liao Taizong,the ethnic origin was corrected into Xianbei Branch of Donghu. Now that Xianbei was the origin of Qidan,it was not necessary to make sacrifice to the Wu Mountain(Wuwan Mountain) any more.