艺术造诣与生命悲歌——杜甫疾病诗艺术探索

A Probe into the Art of Du Fu's Poems on Illness

"少小多病"的杜甫一生创作了大量与疾病相关之诗,可以说疾病诗是其一生不幸遭遇的真实写照。杜甫疾病诗本身独具特色,无论在造语、修辞还是创作风格上都展现出了极高的艺术造诣。就造语而言,通过将"疾"、"病"与形容、名、动等词的结合来铸造新语词;在修辞上,充分利用与疾病相关之典故,运用象征、指代、隐喻等手法来表现多重意象;于风格言,描写对象的贫弱化、对生存状态的关注,使其诗风"沉郁顿挫"。

Du Fu who had been'wont to illness since his childhood'had created lots of poems on illness in his lifetime,which can be said to be a true portraiture of his unfortunate life. Du Fu's poems on illness,with unique features,have exhibited lofty artistic attainments in terms of diction,figures of speech,and writing style. As regards the loinage of new characters,Du Fu managed to coin new characters by combining such characters as'illness'and 'disease'with adjectives,nouns and verbs,etc. In terms of figures of speech,he was able to fully utilize allusions linked with illness and to express multiple images by means of symbols,metonymy and metaphors.With respect to the writing style,his poems are marked by a melancholy sense due to his depiction of the impoverished and his concern with the living condition in his poems.