中日对译过程中的“体”表现——以形容词否定形式的时间表现为中心

"Tense" in Translation between Chinese and Japanese:Taking Time form of Negative Form of Adjectives as Center

现代汉语的否定形式比较简单,主要否定词有"不,没(没有),非,无,别"等,最常用的为"不"和"没(没有)"。它们与动词、形容词、补语等句子成分连用,完成否定。与之相比,日语的否定形式为"ない",大致分为动词属性的"ない"和形容词属性的"ない"。中日两种语言比较,其否定形式各有不同,在中日对译过程中,如何恰当准确地完成否定形式的对译非常重要。其中,否定形式的"体(aspect)"往往被人忽视。从中日对译过程中否定形式的"体"表现为切入点,参照中日语言中动词的否定形式的"体"表现,以形容词为中心,系统地对中日形容词否定形式的"体"表现进行考察分析。

The negative form of modern Chinese is relatively simple,the main negative words are"bu,mei (meiyou),fei,wu,bie" and so on,the most commonly used is "bu" and "mei (meiyou)".Used with verbs,adjectives,complements,etc..Compared with,the negative form of Japanese as "Na i",broadly divided into for properties of the verb "Na i" and describe the attribute word "Na i".Compared with the two languages,the negative form is different.In the process of translation,it is very important to com-plete the form of negation.Among them,the "aspect" in the form of negation is often neglected.In this manuscript,the"tense"in the process of translation is to be cut into the"tense"of the verb in Chinese and Japanese language.