社区医护人员对社区护士岗位资历和胜任能力的认同研究

Community medical professionals′ views on job requirement and competence of community nurses

目的了解社区护士和社区医生对社区护士岗位资历和胜任能力的认同情况。方法采用自行设计的问卷对温州市某城区的150名社区护士和67名社区医生进行调查。结果46.00%社区护士和56.72%社区医生认为社区护士的最佳受教育程度为大专,66.67%社区护士与73.13%社区医生认为社区护士最佳职称为初级,46.00%社区护士与52.24%社区医生认为社区护士需要5～10年的工作年限,51.33%社区护士与76.12%社区医生认为社区护士最佳年龄在30～50岁。社区护士胜任能力各方面评分和各条目的评分均在3分以上,社区医生对社区护士心理学、医学伦理学知识的要求显著高于社区护士自身(均P<0.05),社区医生对社区护士责任感和个性特征认可评分显著高于社区护士自身(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论社区护士需具备多方面的能力与观念、掌握多学科的知识和具有积极的个性特征。应加强对社区护士的岗位认同和胜任能力的研究,制定合理的社区护士培养模式和严格的任职资格准入标准,以达到有效的"人事匹配"。

Objective To understand community medical professionals′ views on job requirement and competence of community nurses (CN). Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 150 CN and 67 community physicians (CP) in a district of Wenzhou. Results Totally, 46.00% of the CN and 56.72% of the CP believed that the optimal educational level for CN was associate degree; 66.67% of the CN and 73.13% of the CP supposed the optimal technical title for CN was a primary one; 46.00% of the CN and 52.24% of the CP considered that CN needed a working length of 5-10 years; 51.33% of the CN and 76.12% of the CP thought that CN should be aged within 30-50. All the aspects and items of the competence of CN were scored ≥3 points. CP more identified with CN′s knowledge of psychology and medical ethics than CN themselves did(P<0.05 for both), and CP more identified with CN′s sense of responsibility and personality traits than CN themselves did(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion CN should have a wide range of capabilities and concepts, master multi-disciplinary knowledge and have a positive personality traits. Research into the identification of CN′s position and competence should be strengthened, and a reasonable model of CN training and strict placement system should be developed so that the goal of staffing matching is fulfilled.