呼吸道异物患儿与健康儿童父母教养方式比较

Comparison of parenting styles between parents of children with foreign body in respiratory tract and those of healthy children

目的了解呼吸道异物患儿父母教养方式,为临床护士根据父母的教养方式采取相应的护理干预,提高儿童生命质量提供依据。方法选取2006年2月至2007年6月因呼吸道异物住院患儿240例为研究组,同期选择与研究组年龄、性别相匹配的健康儿童作为正常组,对两组儿童的父母采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)进行调查。结果在父亲教养方式中,研究组患儿与正常组儿童的情感温暖、拒绝因子得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。在母亲教养方式中,研究组患儿与正常组儿童的情感温暖、拒绝、惩罚得分比较,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论呼吸道异物患儿父母较正常儿童的父母对子女给予更多的情感温暖,但却有太少的惩罚和拒绝。护士应针对患儿父母教养方式制定相应的干预措施,对父母予以喂养指导和安全教育,改变不良进食习惯,为患儿创造良好的进食环境,以避免患儿发生呼吸道异物。

Objective To study the parenting characristics of parents of children with foreign body in respiratory tract, and to provide information for clinical practice. Methods A total of 240 children with foreign body in respiratory tract (denoted as the research group )and 240 healthy children(denoted as the normal group ) were recruited into the study. The parenting styles of parents in both groups were investigated by using the EMBU scale. Results Fathers′parenting characteristics in both groups had significant difference in emotional warmth and rejection(P<0.05,P<0.01). Mothers′parenting characteristics presented significant diffe-rence in emotional warmth, rejection and punishment(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion Parents of children with foreign body in respiratory tract give their children more emotional warmth and less rejection and punishment than parents of healthy children. Nurses should take measures based on parenting styles of parents, give information about feeding and safety to parents, help children to change poor eating habits, and help to create good dining environment.