妊娠期糖尿病孕妇心理弹性现况及影响因素研究

The level and factors associated with resilience among women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的了解妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇的心理弹性现况并探讨其影响因素。方法应用Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表、自行构建的妊娠期糖尿病知信行调查问卷、一般资料调查表对上海市4所医院产科门诊及病房的359名GDM孕妇进行问卷调查。结果GDM孕妇的心理弹性量表得分为69.99±15.03,与知信行得分呈正相关(均P<0.01);医院,孕周,是否使用胰岛素,知识、信念、行为得分是GDM孕妇心理弹性的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01),可共同解释总变异量的37.7%。结论 GDM孕妇的心理弹性水平处于中等水平,医院、孕周、是否使用胰岛素、疾病相关知识、信念、行为是其影响因素。应针对GDM孕妇开展规范化血糖管理,重视孕早期及孕晚期、使用胰岛素治疗孕妇的心理健康,提升孕妇疾病相关知识、促进其对疾病积极的信念、改善疾病管理行为,以提高GDM孕妇的心理弹性水平。

Objective To describe the level of resilience among women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and to explore its related factors.Methods A total of 359 women with GDM were selected from obstetric outpatient clinics of 4 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai and were invited to complete the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,self-designed GDM knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP) questionnaire and demographic data questionnaire.Results The sample scored 69.99 ± 15.03 on resilience,which was positively correlated with the GDM knowledge,attitude,and practice scores respectively(P<0.01 for all).Hospital,gestational age,insulin use,GDM knowledge,attitude,and practice were influencing factors of resilience(P<0.05,P<0.01),which could explain 37.7% of the total variance.Conclusion The resilience of women with GDM was at medium level and affected by hospital,gestational age,insulin use and GDM knowledge,attitude and practice.Standardized blood glucose management should be provided,mental health of women during early or late pregnancy and of those who use insulin should be paid more attention,and their GDM knowledge,attitude and practice should be improved,thus to enhance their resilience.