铜镜纹饰研究的思想史视角

The Perspective of Ideological History in the Study of Bronze Mirror Patterns

历史上各朝各代铜镜纹饰的发展都有一个显著的变迁过程。铸造技术的变革体现在由整体庞大的重器铸造到精致的局部技术实现的过程,而纹饰的变化虽然随时代变迁与社会思潮变化不断地有创新与发展,但总体来说是一个由抽象到具象、由图形到图像的过程。在铜镜研究中,已知的社会背景与思想史的内容也能为铜镜的研究带来新的证据与宽泛的研究思路。但是在出现—反映这一过程之中,一个新出现的思维观念,不会马上就反映到铜镜的纹饰之上,无疑会出现某些错位的现象,这就是所谓的滞后性问题。同时,在实际文物研究工作中,存在着大量的铜镜纹饰的定名问题。

The development of bronze mirrors throughout different dynasties underwent a process of obvious changes.The development of casting technology is reflected in the process of the change from the casting of mammoth heavy vessels to the creation of delicate details of objects.The changes in the patterns went through a process from being abstract to being concrete and from figures to images despite the continuous innovations and development of ideological trend at different times.In the study of bronze mirrors,known social background and content of ideological history can provide new evidence and wide perspective to the study.However,in the appearance-reflect process,the appearance of a new concept can not immediately be reflected in the patterns of bronze mirror.Some cases of dislocation will appear and this is the so-called"lagging behind".At the same time,in the actual study of artifacts,there still exists the taxonomic problem of bronze mirror patterns.