楚墓壁龛与腰坑研究

On the Niches and Waist Pits of Chu Tombs

楚墓壁龛和腰坑是春秋战国时期楚国贵族和平民墓中常出现的两种建筑形式。其分布地域广、为数多。两者在楚墓坑中的位置与表现方式既有不同之处,也有相似之点。它们作为楚式墓室建构的形式之一,从不同侧面反映出楚人对居住条件与环境的追求。其布局也具备了后期墓室'耳室'与'外藏椁'的雏形,显现出楚墓室建筑先进性的一面。

Niches and waist pits are two architectural forms frequently seen in the tombs of nobles and commoners of the Chu State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.Such forms,numerous in number,are found in a large area.There are differences and similarities in the position and way of expression of these forms in the tombs.As unique features of the layout of Chu tombs,they reflect the Chu people’s pursuit of their living conditions and environment from different perspectives.Their layout shows the advancement of Chu tombs in the sense that they represent the prototype of the layout with“attendant chamber”and“outer coffin”of late-Chu tombs.