长沙汉墓出土漆奁刍论

A Tentative Analysis of Cosmetic Boxes Unearthed from Han Tombs in Changsha

长沙汉墓出土大量漆奁,多用于盛放梳妆用品。其中多子漆奁甚为流行:母奁主要有圆形和方形两种;子奁则形制更为丰富,除常见的圆形和方形外,另有椭圆形、马蹄形和长条形等特殊样式,旨在充分利用母奁内的有效空间。漆奁装饰工艺方面,除传统的色漆彩绘以外,生动细腻的锥画、繁缛富丽的油画、美观结实的釦器和金属镶嵌工艺,屡见不鲜、层出不穷。妆奁形制和装饰技法的多样,充分体现了汉代漆器制作业的繁荣和新工艺的发展,也从侧面反映出当时贵族生活的奢华与精致。

Han Tombs in Changsha have yielded a large number of lacquer cosmetic boxes mostly used to store cosmetic articles.Many of these contain smaller boxes.The mother boxes have round and square shapes;the daughter boxes have a larger variety of shapes.Apart from the commonly-seen round and square ones,there are oval and horse-shoe-shaped ones so as to make full use of the space inside the mother cosmetic box.In terms of decoration techniques of these lacquer cosmetic boxes,apart from traditional color painting,there are also endless other novel techniques applied such as the delicate and vivid awl-incised drawing,beautiful and strong silver hoops,and shiny gold foils.The variety of shapes and decorative methods of cosmetic boxes fully demonstrates the prosperity of lacquer manufacturing and the development of new techniques in the Han Dynasty,reflecting the luxury and refinement of the life of the nobles at the time.