通与融:张伯驹诗词记戏探研

Mastery and Fusion:A Record of Opera History in Zhang Boju’s Poetry and Ci Poetry

当代十大词人之一张伯驹,擅长以诗词二文体来记录曲坛演艺状况,追忆民国至当代梨园中的人和事,赏音谈艺,自娱遣时;后人读之,如在目前。他的记戏诗词,主要存留于《红毹纪梦诗注》及《丛碧词》二集中。这些作品整体来看,特点有三:一是以诗论曲,赏音识韵;二是以词论曲,本色当行;三是以诗词这两个传统的韵文文体,深情雅致地记述了一代曲坛的兴衰发展历史。在跨越世纪的韵文创作史上,张伯驹的记戏诗词,既是他人生经历的诗意抒写,又体现出他融会贯通的创作特色,蕴含着丰富的美学意蕴。

As one of the ten well-known Ci Poetry poets in contemporary China,Zhang Boju was good at composing poems and ci-poems to record Chinese operatic culture in the period of‘Republic of China’when actors and anecdotes then are vividly captured in Zhang’s poetic collections.In his spare time,Zhang usually enjoyed music and discussed with friends about arts for self-entertaining.Out of profound understanding and ardent love of Chinese culture,Zhang thoroughly reconstructs that period in front of audience through his works.His poetic works about Chinese Opera are mostly preserved in'Hong Shu Ji Meng Shi Zhu'(Poetic notes of Hong Shu Ji Meng)and'Cong Bi Ci'(Cong Bi Ci Poetic Collection).In general,these two works have three main characteristics as follows:First,Zhang composed poems to narrate Chinese operas,appreciating their rhythms and verses.Second,Zhang composed Ci poetry to memorize Chinese opera in a professional way,indicating a grasp of mundane affairs and a sense of being true to life.Third,Zhang passionately described the historical rise and decline of Chinese operatic culture in the Republic of China period through poetic works,two types of traditional Chinese literary verses.In the century-long history of verse composition,Zhang Boju’s works are the poetic descriptions of his own life experience,reflecting his comprehensive writing style with abundant aesthetic value.