共享经济的规制策略

Regulation Strategy of Sharing Economy

共享经济使私人或企业等组织的闲置资源通过互联网实现有效利用,具有交易结构横向化、主体多元化、客体零散化及权利性质进化等不同于传统经济的特性。其蓬勃发展的同时亦存在信息不对称、负外部性、易诱发规制俘获及政府过度规制等问题。以往对共享经济进行规制的学说或过于微观具体或过于宏观抽象,以辅助性原则为视角对共享经济分别进行央地规制权和政府—市场规制权划分。其中,对于政府—市场规制权划分:平台类共享经济实行政府管平台,平台管供给方的规制策略;直供类共享经济实行政府规制负外部性的规制策略。

Sharing economy makes the idle resources of private or enterprise organizations to be effectively utilized through the Internet,it has the characteristics of transversal transaction structure,diversification of the subject,scattered object and evolution of right characterwhich are different from the traditional economy.At the same time,there are some issues such as information asymmetry,negative externality,regulation capture and excessive government regulation.In the past,the theory of regulating the sharing economy was either microcosmic concretion or macroscopic abstraction.From the perspective of subsidiarity,the sharing economy is divided into the power of central-local regulatory and the power of government-market regulation,among them,for the division of government-market regulation power:the platform sharing economy implements the regulation strategy which is the government managing platform,the platform managing supply side;the direct supply sharing economy implements the regulation strategy which is the government regulating negative externality.