新兵心理弹性对知觉压力与心理适应关系的中介作用

Intermediation of Psychological Resilience on Perceived Stress and Psychological Adaptability Among Recruits

目的探讨某部入伍新兵心理弹性与知觉压力和心理适应性的关系。方法采用自编一般信息调查表、心理弹性量表(connor-davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC),知觉压力量表(perceived stress scale,PSS)和青少年心理适应性量表(adolescence psychological adaptability scale,APAS)对某部500名入伍新兵进行问卷调查。结果入伍新兵心理弹性得分(72.83±17.09),总体知觉压力得分(16.50±7.65)与既往新兵调查得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),总体适应能力得分(57.74±21.91)低于全国常模(P<0.01)。不同户籍(城市/农村)、文化程度兵源在心理弹性、知觉压力、心理适应性差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。入伍新兵心理弹性与心理适应性呈正相关(r=0.556,P<0.01),与知觉压力显著负相关(r=-0.498,P<0.01),心理适应性与知觉压力显著负相关(r=-0.483,P<0.01)。心理弹性在知觉压力与心理适应性间起部分中介作用,中介效应为43.4%。结论知觉压力是入伍新兵适应能力的重要外部影响因素,提高心理弹性对于提高心理适应能力具有重要的意义。

Objective To study the relationship between psychological resilience and perceived stress,psychological adaptability among army recruits.Methods A total of 500 army recruits were investigated by General Information Questionnaire,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS)and Adolescence Psychological Adaptability Scale(APAS).Results The score of CD-RISC(72.83±17.09)and PSS(16.50±7.65)in army recruits were significantly different between army recruits and that had been reported(P<0.01),the score of APAS(57.74±21.91)of army recruits was significantly lower than that in national norm(P<0.01).The score of CD-RISC,PSS and APAS were significantly different between urban and rural areas,different levels of education(P<0.01).The psychological resilience was positively correlated with psychological adaptability(r=0.556,P<0.01),it was negatively correlated with perceived stress(r=-0.498,P<0.01),The psychological adaptability was negatively correlated with perceived stress(r=-0.483,P<0.01).The mediating effect of psychological resilience between perceived stress and psychological adaptability,the value was 43.4%.Conclusion Perceived stress is the important external factor affecting psychological adaptability in army recruits,and the training of psychological resilience among army recruits has great significance.