论东亚伞状支烧具的技术体系及始源地问题——兼谈岳州窑和桂林窑的关系

Discussion on Technical System of the Umbrella Support Tool and Its Source——Relationship Between Yuezhou Kiln and Guilin Kiln

伞状支烧具是为扩大装烧容量而产生的一种复合型窑具,它出现于隋代,依据其形态特征可分为三支,一支以河北邢窑为代表,使用于隋唐时期;一支以岳州窑—桂林窑—德化窑—日本萩烧窑为代表,从隋代一直延续至清代;一支以四川邛窑系为代表,使用于隋代至北宋时期。从隋代窑业技术发展的整体格局等方面来看,岳州窑应是伞状支烧具的起源地。本文还对岳州窑和桂林窑作了系统的对比,发现桂林窑深受岳州窑的影响,伞状支烧具就是最好的证明。

The umbrella support tool is a composite kiln instrument to expand the firing capacity.It appeared in the Sui Dynasty,according to morphological characteristics,it can be divided into three branches,one branch is Xing kiln in Hebei Province during Sui and Tang Dynasties;another branch is Yuezhou kiln-Guilin kiln-Dehua kiln-Hagi kiln in Japan from Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty;the third branch is Qiong kilns system in Sichuan Province during Sui Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty.From the overall pattern and other aspects of the development of the Sui Dynasty kiln technology,Yuezhou kiln should be the origin of umbrella support tools.This paper also made a comparison between Yuezhou kiln and Guilin kiln from different levels,and found Guilin kiln had been deeply affected by Yuezhou kiln,the umbrella tool is the best proof.