论我国诉讼调解制度保障体系的完善

Perfection of the Assurance System for Litigation Mediation System

我国的诉讼调解制度已贯穿整个诉讼流程,如何保障诉讼调解当事人因一方'反悔'而受损的合法权益,是衡量诉讼调解制度完善与否的关键要素。事实上现有保障体系尚存诸多不足:权利保护不周与救济机制限缩冲突;调解救济体系与裁判保障机制分化;调解协议约定与调解效力规定对立等。究其原因主要是我国诉讼调解制度发展路径异化;缺乏制度救济机制。基于此,应在维护原告真实权益基础上,允许当事人保留恢复诉讼的权利;促使诉讼调解制度回归司法理性;完善配套措施,以制度激励方式获取当事人的调解意向,解除当事人的后顾之忧,并消除诉讼调解与法院裁判间救济方式的差别。

China’s litigation mediation system has run through the whole litigation process.How to protect the lawful rights and interests damaged by one party’s'repentance'becomes the key factor to measure whether the litigation mediation system is perfect or not.As a matter of fact,there are still many deficiencies in the existing assurance system.For example,there exists conflict between the incomplete protection of rights and the lack of mediation and relief measures,difference between mediation relief system and referee safeguard mechanism,the antinomy between the effect of the agreement of the mediation agreement and the validity of the law,and so on.The main reasons are the compromise of interests under the special national conditions;the alienation of the development path of litigation mediation system;and the lacking institutional relief mechanism.On the basis of safeguarding the plaintiff’s real rights and interests,We try to improve the relief system by allowing the parties to reserve the right to resume litigation,promoting the litigation mediation system to return to judicial rationality;improving supporting measures,obtaining the mediation intention of the parties by way of institutional encouragement,removing worries of the parties concerned,and eliminating the difference between litigation mediation and court adjudication.