村庄非农化、社会资本与农民家庭收入

Village Non-agriculturization, Social Capital and Rural Household Income

聚焦于社会资本影响农民收入的微观和宏观机制,利用中国家庭动态追踪调查数据构建"家庭—村庄"两个层次的交互模型,考察了不同生产情景下社会资本效用的差异性以及村庄非农化过程对其产生的影响。研究表明:在微观层面,家庭社会网络规模的扩张能够同时提高农业收入和非农收入,而社会网络结构异质性的提高只有利于非农收入的增长;并且随着村庄非农化程度的提高,社会网络的效应对于农业收入逐步减弱,而对于非农收入的影响则逐步增强。在宏观层面,村庄社会融合程度的提高仅有利于农民农业收入的增长,但随着非农化进程的推进,村庄集体社会资本在农业生产中所凸显的优势将会逐渐削弱。这预示着,中国农村非农经济的迅猛发展正逐步改变乡村社会资本的经济意涵。

Focusing on the micro and macro mechanisms of social capital that influence rural household income, using the survey data from China Family Panel Studies, this paper explored the differentiated utility of social capital between agricultural production and non-agricultural production and investigated their ongoing changes with the development of non-agriculturization within the countryside. The analysis results show that: on the micro level, the expansion of social network scale of rural households can increase both agricultural and non-agricultural income, while the improvement of heterogeneity of network structure can only promote the non-agricultural income growth;with the development of village non-agriculturization, the effects of social network on agricultural income have gradually weakened, however they have increased non-agricultural income. On the macro level, the advancement of village social integration is beneficial to the agricultural income increment of rural households;however, the advantages of collective social capital from the village in the aspect of agricultural production will gradually weaken during the process of rural non-agriculturization. These findings indicate that the rapid development of China’s rural non-agricultural economy is gradually changing the economic implications of rural social capital.