稻虱红螯蜂的研究

STUDIES ON HAPLOGONATOPUS JAPONICUS ESAKI ET HASHIMOTO (HYM., DRYINIDAE)

稻虱红螯蜂Haplgonatouatopus japonicus Esaki et Hashimoto(膜翅目,螯蜂科)是稻飞虱重要的寄生性和捕食性天敌。Esaki Hashimoto(1930～1936,1939～1941)对日本稻田螯蜂作过调查和分类。pagben(1934)对马来西亚攻击白背飞虱的螯蜂作过简单介绍。Santa(1971)记述了一种螯蜂的产羽习性。Chanbra(1980)报道了菲律宾稻叶蝉和稻飞虱的寄生物螯蜂的分类和生态。我国湖北省植保所(1978),何俊华等(1979)曾简要记述稻虱红赘蜂的生活习性;杨绍龙等(1980)对广西稻田螯蜂类作过调查;黄信飞(1982)报道了黄腿螯蜂Pseudogonatopus flavifemur生物学特性。由于水稻害虫综合治理决策需要考虑天敌参数,我们在1983～1985年对稻飞虱红螯蜂的形态,生物学,生态学和行为学进行了观察和试验,兹将结果报道如下。

The morphological, bioloical and ecological characters of Haplogonatopus japonicus were studied in Changsha, in 1983～1985.This dryinid developed 7～8 generations a year. It is a predator and a parasitioid on rice planthoppers. We observed that the behaviour of dryinid bees, the relation between nutrients and life-span and oviposit number of female bees, the relatipon between ages of prey and the rates of predation, parasitism, cocoon, and emergence. Sex ration, rates of emergence and the seasonal changes in rates of hyperparasitoidism were also observed. Based on the experiments in which the dryinid bees attacked the 3rd instar nymphs of rice planthoppers with various density, analogue models for Hollings functional response were developed.The project is suported by the Science Fund of the Academy of Sciences of China.