单纵轴流脱粒滚筒的设计与性能试验

Design and performance experiment of a threshing cylinder with longitudinal single axial flow

针对4LZ–3.0型联合收割机在水稻喂入量和草谷比较大时脱粒滚筒易堵塞的问题,设计了一种单纵轴流脱粒滚筒。该滚筒主要由喂入螺旋装置、辐条、辐盘、脱粒杆齿、排草板组成。脱粒时水稻由搅龙经输送槽输送至喂入螺旋装置处,经螺旋装置叶片轴向输送至脱粒杆齿滚筒进行脱粒。为探讨螺旋装置喂入适应性能,通过单头、双头和三头螺旋装置的选型试验,选定了三头喂入螺旋的脱粒滚筒,以滚筒转速、导向板倒角、脱粒间隙为因素,籽粒破碎率和未脱净损失率为性能评价指标,运用回归分析方法建立了该脱粒系统的数学模型,优化确定了其最佳工作参数组合。试验结果表明:当滚筒转速为800 r/min、导向板导角为23.7°、脱粒间隙为20 mm时,籽粒破碎率为0.113%,未脱净损失率为0.071%。

In order to solve the blocking problem of threshing cylinder for 4LZ–3.0 rice combine-harvester caused by the large feeding quantity and the high ratio of output of main product to by-product of the crops, a optimized threshing cylinder with longitudinal single axial flow was designed. The threshing cylinder is mainly composed of feeding spiral, spokes, radial disc, threshing components, and row grass board etc. The feed spiral performance test and optimization test were carried out by using the rotation speed of cylinder, the guide plate lead angle and the threshing clearance as the experiment factors and grain crushing rate and unthreshed rate as the performance evaluation index. A mathematical model of the threshing system was established through regression analysis method to determine the optimal working parameter combination. The experiment shows that the threshing performance will be the best with the cylinder rotation speed of 800 r/min, the guide plate lead angle of 23.7° and the threshing clearance of 20 mm, which could reachthe grain crushing rate of 0.113 % and the unthreshed rate of 0.071%.