美国研究型大学通识教育课程模式及启示

Three General Education Curriculum Models in American Research-oriented Universities and Its Implications

通识教育是美国研究型大学确保世界一流大学地位的重要保证。经过长时期改革与发展,美国研究型大学通识教育课程已经形成较为稳定的模式,主要包括核心探究课程模式、分布必修课程模式和核心经典课程模式,其通识课程目标着眼于"人"的发展,课程内容凸显学生逻辑力培养,教学方式注重研究和互动启迪,课程管理机构强调独立且细致,可为中国研究型大学通识课程改革及人才机制创新提供参考。

General education plays an important role in ensuring the world-class university status of American Research-oriented Universities. After a long period of reforming and developing,general education course models have become relatively stable,including core and research course model,distribution requirements model and core classic model. There are some characters of the general education:( 1) the development of'person'is its object orientation;( 2) students' logical training is highlighted in course content;( 3) how to do research and give interaction and inspirations are employed in teaching methods;( 4) curriculum management organization is independent and delicate. All of these provide references for our research-oriented universities in reforming general education and innovating talents mechanism.