动作视频游戏与认知控制的关系

Action Video Game Experience and Cognitive Control

认知控制是个体根据环境变化控制或调节自己反应的能力,是一个人心理执行功能的核心。根据认知控制的双机制理论,结合停止信号任务和贝叶斯动态模型,考察动作视频游戏经验与反应控制和前摄控制的关系,结果发现:(1)游戏组与控制组的成功反应率、成功控制率、反应试次反应时及停止信号反应时没有显著差异;(2)游戏组与控制组的错误后减慢效应和停止后减慢效应也没有显著差异;(3)游戏组的序列效应显著低于控制组的序列效应。这些结果表明,动作视频游戏经验对反应控制没有影响,但可能损害了个体的贝叶斯学习,使玩家不能根据对环境刺激的预期实时地调整自己的行为,表现出前摄控制的削弱。

Cognitive control,as a critical executive function,refers to the ability to withhold or modify actions in response to a dynamically changing environment. Previous studies examined the relationship between action video games( AVGs) and cognitive control,but the conclusions were not consistent.According to the dual mechanisms of cognitive control,we apply a Bayesian model of stop signal task to further explore the associations between action video gaming and reactive and proactive control. Results show that:( 1) experienced action videogame-players( AVGPs) show no difference compared with individuals with little or no videogame experience( NVGPs);( 2) AVGPs show comparable post-error slowing and post-stop slowing with NVGPs;( 3) AVGPs show lower sequential effect than NVGPs. Our findings suggest that playing AVGs is associated with lower proactive control but not reactive control.