纽约—新泽西港务局运作模式对粤港澳大湾区跨境治理的启示

Implications for Cross-border Governance in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area from the Operation Model of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

纽约—新泽西港务局是美国历史上较早创立的跨州联合管理机构,它对于改善纽约湾区交通基础设施、促进湾区经济社会发展起到了极其重要的作用。通过对纽约—新泽西港务局成立的历史诱因、近百年的制度建构过程以及运作现况的分析,发现其在四个方面对"一国两制"下粤港澳大湾区跨境治理的制度建构具有重要启发意义,即:塑造功能性导向府际关系理念;透过区际联合立法创设跨境治理的"第三种制度";组建地位对等、权责一致的跨境事务协作治理机构;实行公共实体企业化运营模式。

The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is an interstate joint management agency that was constructed early in the history of the United States,and it has been playing an important role in improving the transportation infrastructure and promoting economic and social development in the New York Bay Area.By analyzing the historical causes of its establishment,the nearly one hundred years of its institutional construction and its current operating conditions,this paper summarizes its great significance for the institutional construction of cross-border governance in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area under the strategy of“one country,two systems”from four aspects:(1)It has advocated the concept of functional oriented intergovernmental relations;(2)It has established a third system of cross-border governance through inter-state joint legislation;(3)It has built cross-border cooperation and governance institutions with equal status and consistent rights and responsibilities;(4)It has adopted the operation mode as a public entity enterprise.