浅谈日记资料的有效性问题——以俞樾函札整理为中心

A Study on the Availability of Diaries as Historical Data:Focusing on Arranging Yu Yue's Letters by Time

日记资料内容丰富,其中所记种种,皆可成为并业已成为各领域研究者的关注点。利用俞樾日记可以为其所作信札系年,这说明日记类文献在史实复原的精细化方向上的价值。从日记与俞樾函札的对读、不同当事人日记的对读两方面,可以揭示日记资料可能存在的准确性和完整性缺陷,而准确性与完整性都是影响史料有效性的重要因素。因此,在使用日记这类碎片化特征明显的史料时,不断挖掘、尽量拼合、争取还原,则是使之终能呈现出价值以及避免其局限性的基础。

Diaries with rich content have attracted the attention of researchers from different fields.In this article,diaries of Yu Yue and the addressees are used to help arrange his letters by time,which shows the value of diaries in the elaborate excavation of historical facts.In the meanwhile,it is found that diaries have defects in accuracy and integrity which may affect their availability through comparing diaries with letters and comparing diaries of different persons.Therefore,when adopting fragmented historical data such as diaries,constant excavation,replacement and combination are necessary means of demonstrating their value and overcoming their limitations.