铁碳微电解耦合反硝化菌削减河道黑臭底泥污染物及净化水质的研究

Reduction of Pollutants in Black-Odorous River Sediment and Purification of Water with Iron-carbon Micro-Electrolysis Coupled with Denitrifying Bacteria

通过向河道中投加铁碳填料和反硝化菌复合包的方式,构建了铁碳微电解耦合反硝化菌曝气辅助原位削减河道黑臭底泥及净化水质技术.模拟实验结果表明:当铁碳填料投加30 g/kg、反硝化菌接种量为15 mg/kg、曝气量为60 m L/min和曝气时间为9 h/d的最佳组合下运行仅28 d后,上覆水COD、NH4+-N、TN和TP去除率分别达到85.7%、98.6%、65.7%和96.4%,稳定达到地表水Ⅳ类水标准;底泥TOC去除率达48.8%;底泥中BD-P和Na OH-P组分显著增加;底泥可转化态N含量显著减少;表层5~10 cm底泥由深黑色变为浅褐色.在耦合体系中,铁碳微电解可促进底泥及上覆水中碳、氮磷污染物的转化与去除;反硝化菌促进脱氮反应;曝气激活底泥土著微生物的活性.三者的协同作用削减黑臭底泥污染物并净化水质,为铁碳微电解耦合反硝化菌原位削减河道黑臭底泥污染物及净化水质技术提供理论依据.

The technology of Fe/C micro-electrolysis coupled with denitrifying bacteria and assisted with in-situ aeration was constructed for reduction of black-odorous river sediment and purification of water by adding iron-carbon filler and denitrifying bacteria compound package to the urban river.The simulation experiment results showed that under the optimal combination of the iron-carbon filler being 30 g/kg,the inoculation amount of denitrifying bacteria being 15 mg/kg,the aeration rate being 60 m L/min,and the aeration time being 9 h/d and after running for 28 d,the removal rates of COD,NH4+-N,TN and TP in the overlying water were 85.7%,98.6%,65.7%and96.4%,respectively.The COD,NH4+-N and TP indicators reached the Class IV standards for surface water.The removal rate of TOC in sediment was 48.8%;the BD-P and NaOH-P components increased significantly;the transferable nitrogen in the sediment decreased significantly;the surface 5-10 cm sediment changed from dark black to light brown.In the coupling system,iron-carbon micro-electrolysis was used to promote the conversion and removal of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sediment and overlying water;the denitrifying bacteria were used to promote denitrification;the aeration was used to activate the indigenous microbial activity of the sediment;and the three factors worked synergistically to reduce pollutants in black-odorous sediment and purify water.This study provides a theoretical basis for the in-situ reduction of pollutants in black-odorous river sediment and purification of water with iron-carbon micro-electrolysis coupled with denitrifying bacteria.