司空图诗论的生态化思辨

Ecological Thinking of Sikong Tu’s Poetics

司空图是唐代诗歌理论的集大成者,其主要贡献在于较为系统地提出了以艺术意境为核心的诸多批评范畴。这类范畴流贯着深刻的生态化思辨意味,即在"天人合一"这一根本宇宙观、生命观观照下,以内省式的审美化生态体验为前提,以"脱然畦封"的整合性思维、"返返冥无"的太极思维、"幽人空山"的意象性思维为具体的思辨方式,分析具体问题,把握诗学规律。

The main contribution of Sikong Tu,the standard of poetic theory in the Tang Dynasty,lies in his systematic invention of the categories of criticism with their nucleus of artistic conception.The categories of this type are imbued with ecological thinking,that is,from the angle of the basic conception of'harmony between the heaven and human',he takes an introspective aesthetic ecological experience as the precondition,adopting an integrated thinking of'aloofness'and a Tai Chi thinking of'returning to nothingness',using imagery like'a quiet man in the empty mountain'as his way of critical thinking,to analyze specific problems and master poetic rules.