湖南新军裁撤的前前后后

On the Reasons of Termination of Hunan New Army of Qing Dynasty

清末国势衰微之际,新军因应而生,以济时艰。但湖南新军从编练到遣散,前后亦不到十年,个中缘由,颇耐人寻味。其间,湖南新军由小变大,从'幕后'走向了历史的'前台',且在辛亥革命中作出了不可磨灭的贡献。可是民国告成未几,湖南新军却面临着前所未有的裁撤危机,以致民初湖南出现'新军尽撤,防营独存'的特殊现象。本文试图厘清湖南新军裁撤前后的历史脉络,且深入探析谭延闿与袁世凯的北京政府在裁撤过程中所发挥的巨大作用,以冀了解清末民初波谲云诡的湖南政局。

In order to save itself and become strong, the Qing government organized and trained the New Army in the last years of its rule. However, the Hunan New Army lasted less than ten years since it was trained and formed into an army, the reasons are thought-provoking. During that time, the team of Hunan New Army changed from weak to strong, from "behind the scenes" to "on the stage" of the history, and made an indelible contribution to the 1911 Revolution. Not long after the Republic of China was built, the Hunan New Army was faced with an unprecedented abolition crisis, which caused a peculiar phenomena "the New Army has dissolved while the garrison was still there". This article tries to clarify the skeleton around abolition of the Hunan New Army and make a further analysis on the huge effect that the Beijing Government of Yuan Shikai and Tan Yankai made in the process of abolition, in order to comprehend the complex political situation of Hunan in the early republic of China.