78份冬小麦区试品种抗条锈病基因的分子检测

Molecular Detection of Stripe Rust Resistance Genes in 78 Winter Wheat Regional Trial Cultivars

为及时动态掌握我国小麦培育过程中对抗性基因的使用情况以及对优势生理小种的抗性水平,同时为小麦的安全生产和育种提供一定的参考资料,采用Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr18及Yr26的分子标记对78份2017—2018年国家冬小麦区试品种中可能含有的抗性基因进行检测,配合使用我国当前流行生理小种CYR32和CYR34进行成株期抗性鉴定,了解我国新培育品种对条锈病的抗性情况以及抗性基因的分布。在供试的78份材料中,成株期对CYR32具有抗性的有52份;对CYR34具有抗性的有42份;同时对CYR32和CYR34具有抗性的有26份(包括来自四川麦区的全部13份材料);分别占鉴定材料的66.7%,53.8%和33.3%。分子检测结果表明,在78份鉴定材料中,可能携带Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr18及Yr26的材料分别为0,21,5,1及9份,分别占鉴定材料的0%,26.9%,6.4%,1.3%及11.5%。鉴定材料中有效抗性基因的使用率低,1B/1R易位系的使用率高,成株期对当前流行小种CYR32以及新小种CYR34的抗性偏低。

For timely and dynamically grasp about the use of resistance genes and the resistance level of dominant physiological races in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)cultivation in China,which will be helpful for safe production and facilitate in breeding programs in wheat,in this work,78 winter wheat cultivars in the national regional test during 2017—2018 were tested with molecular markers such as,Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr18 and Yr26.We have also employed the current physiological races CYR32 and CYR34 to explore the resistance level in new cultivars against stripe rust and the distribution of resistance genes in these cultivars.Our results demonstrate that,among 78 cultivars examined,52 showed resistance responses to CYR32,42 were resistant to CYR34,and 26 were resistant to CYR32 and CYR34 at the adult stage,accounting for 66.7%,53.8%,33.3%of the identified materials,respectively.It is worth noting that all 13 cultivars from Sichuan wheat growing regions exhibited resistant responses against CYR32 and CYR34.Additionally,our results revealed that,among 78 identification materials,there were 0,21,5,1 and 9 cultivars possibly carrying Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr18 and Yr26,which accounted for 0%,26.9%,6.4%,1.3%and 11.5%of the identification materials,respectively.In summary,our results unveiled that the utilization rate of effective resistance genes in identification materials was low,the use rate of 1 B/1 R translocation lines was high,and the resistance to current races CYR32 and CYR34 at adult stage was low.