植物源抑芽物质对延长甘薯贮藏期的作用效果

Effect of Sprout Inhibitors Derived From Plants on Prolonging Storage Period of Sweet Potato

为探寻延长甘薯块根贮藏期的方法,本试验以萌芽性好的绵12-25-1和耐贮藏紫肉品种绵紫薯9号块根为材料,用常规抑芽剂氯苯胺灵(CIPC)、源于植物的挥发性物质薄荷醇(MEN)和香芹酮(CAR)处理,比较它们对延长块根贮藏期的作用效果。结果表明,CIPC、MEN、CAR 3种试剂均能抑制甘薯块根芽的生长,抑芽能力依次表现为CAR>MEN>CIPC。芽的生长被抑制后可以减少块根的物质消耗,使重量损失降低,贮藏150 d时,经CAR处理的甘薯块根的重量损失仅为对照组的46. 40%;贮藏期间甘薯块根干物质中的淀粉含量整体呈下降趋势,但抑芽处理组的淀粉含量下降缓慢,尤其是经CAR处理的甘薯块根的淀粉含量,在贮藏150 d时,绵12-25-1和棉紫薯9号块根中淀粉含量分别较对照组高34. 57%和24. 82%;抑芽处理能不同程度地延缓甘薯块根可溶性糖、花青素的代谢消耗,延缓能力与抑芽能力呈正相关,贮藏150 d时CAR处理的绵紫薯9号花青素含量较对照高22. 06%。抑芽处理对甘薯块根α-淀粉酶活性影响弱,但能刺激与抗逆相关的过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著升高。综上,CAR用量低且对环境友好,抑制甘薯块根萌芽、保持块根品质的效果最显著,具有延长甘薯贮藏期的潜力。

To explore method for prolonging the storage period of sweet potato root tuber,common sprout inhibitor chlorpropham( CIPC),plant-derived material menthol( MEN) and carvone( CAR) were used to treat root tuber of easier sprouting line Mian 12-25-1 and purple fleshed variety Mianzishu 9 as materials,using to treat root tuber. As a result,the three kinds of reagents could inhibit the sprouting of root tuber,and the inhibition ability was CAR>MEN>CIPC. Sprouting inhibition reduced respiration consumption,which thus decreased the weight loss of root tuber,and the weight loss of CAR treatment was only 46. 40% of the control weight loss after storage 150 d. Starch content in the dry matter of sweet potato root tuber showed a downward trend during storage,but the sprouting inhibition treatment could significantly keep starch content. At 150 d,the starch content of Mian 12-25-1 and Mianzishu 9 after CAR treatment was 34. 57% and 24. 82% higher than that of control,respectively. The consumption of soluble sugar and anthocyanin in sprouting inhibition treatment was delayed to reduce in different degrees and the ability of retarding was positively correlated with sprouting inhibiting ability. The anthocyanin content of CAR treatment in Mianzishu 9 root tuber was22. 06% higher than that of the control at 150 d. The sprout inhibition treatment had a weak effect on the α-amylase activity,but significantly stimulated the activity of POD related to stress resistance. The results demonstrated that,CAR as an environmentally friendly substance with the lower using content could effectively inhibit the sprouting of root tuber and maintain root tuber quality and had the potential to prolong the storage period of sweet potato.