杨梅生长指标与果实品质间的相关性分析

Correlation Between Growth Indexes and Fruit Quality Traits of Chinese Bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.)

为了明确成熟期不同品种杨梅(早鲜早色和东魁)的营养生长指标与果实外观、品质性状间的相互关系,在成熟采收期,分别对杨梅7个营养生长指标、10个果实外观性状和13个果实品质性状进行测定分析。结果表明,杨梅30个性状指标的变异系数范围为2. 546%～31. 021%,其中维生素C(Vc)含量、果实硬度(HN)和春梢长度(BL)的变异系数较大,分别为31. 021%、22. 092%和15. 245%。糖酸比(AS)与果实色度值L*、b*、C,叶片长度(LL)、宽度(LW)、厚度(LT)显著负相关,说明通过杨梅果实颜色可以预测AS,且在AS的形成过程中杨梅LL、LW和LT发挥了重要作用;叶绿素(Chl)相对含量、HN与杨梅果实多个外观品质、营养品质指标间呈显著正相关,表明在生产上可以通过提高Chl相对含量改善果实品质;杨梅BL与果实外观品质、营养品质等13个性状均为显著性负相关,证明杨梅结果枝以中短果枝为宜。本研究结果为利用营养生长指标进行优良品质性状的选择提供了一定的理论参考。

In order to certify the relation among nutritive growth indexes and fruit appearance and quality traits in different varieties of Chinese bayberry. Zaoxian,Zaose and Dongkui that had different maturity stages were used as research materials. In this study,basic parameters,coefficient of variation( CV) and correlation coefficients of seven nutritive growth indexes,ten fruit appearance traits and thirteen fruit quality traits were measured and calculated. The results showed that the CV of thirty different traits was 2. 546% ~ 31. 021%,vitamin c( Vc),hardness( HN) and branch length( BL) had higher CV value( 31. 021%,22. 092% and 15. 245%),with higher genetic diversity.Significant negative correlations between acid-sugar ratio( AS) and fruit color( L*,b*and C),leaf length( LL),leaf width( LW) and leaf thickness( LT) were found,suggesting that the value of fruit color could forecast AS,and LL,LW and LT played an important role in the establishment of AS. The chlorophyll( Chl) and HN had significant positive correlations with several fruit appearance and quality traits. Therefore,the fruit quality was improved by increasing Chl.BL had significant negative correlations with 13 fruit appearance and quality traits,illustrating that middle and short bearing branch were better than the longer ones. This study provided a theoretical basis for the use of nutritional growth indexes to screen excellent fruit quality traits in Chinese bayberry.