铁、锌配施对藿香生长、产量及有效成分的影响

Effect of Foliar Application of Iron and Zinc Fertilizers on Growth,Yield and Active Components of Agastache rugosa

为探究铁、锌不同浓度配施对藿香生长、产量及有效成分的影响,以藿香为试验材料,采用双因素随机区组设计,研究铁锌配施对藿香生长、产量、各部位铁锌分配及挥发油含量的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施铁锌肥能显著影响藿香的生长发育、产量和挥发油成分,显著影响藿香的抗氧化酶活性,显著提高淀粉、还原糖、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,通过影响氮代谢相关酶活性间接影响植株氮代谢过程。叶面施铁对藿香产量的影响大于叶面施锌,铁锌配施的增产效果优于单独施用铁、锌肥;综合考虑藿香的生长和产量指标,认为Fe_1Zn_1(0. 2%铁,0. 1%锌)为铁锌配施的最优处理组合。施用锌铁肥能够增加藿香各部位的铁锌含量,锌在不同部位的含量呈叶>根>茎的变化趋势,铁在不同部位的含量呈根>叶>茎的变化趋势,锌主要集中在藿香叶片,而铁则主要集中在藿香根部。高浓度的叶面施铁有助于叶片Ca含量的累积。铁锌配施能显著提高藿香挥发油含量,并影响挥发油成分,其中D-柠檬烯含量最高,在Fe_1Zn_2处理时达到最大值(22. 99%)。综上,合理配施铁锌肥能提高藿香主要化学成分的含量,但过高浓度的施用增产效果并不明显。本研究结果为铁锌肥在藿香生产中的应用提供了理论依据。

In order to explore effects of different concentrations of iron( Fe) and zinc( Zn) on the growth,yield and active components of Agastache rugosa L. by using two-factor randomized block design with A. rugosa as material,this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Fe and Zn application on the iron-zinc distribution and volatile oil content in different parts of A. rugosa so as to provide a scientific basis for A. rugosa good quality and high yielding cultivation techniques. The results showed that the foliar application of iron-zinc fertilizer could significantly affect the growth,yield and volatile oil composition of A. rugosa. Iron and zinc application could significantly affect the antioxidant enzyme activity of A. rugosa,and increase the content of starch,reducing sugar,soluble sugar and soluble protein significantly.It could also indirectly affect plant nitrogen metabolism by affecting the enzyme activity related to nitrogen metabolism.The effect of foliar application of iron on the yield was greater than that of zinc;the stimulation effect of iron and zinc application on the yield was better than the separate application of iron and zinc fertilizer. Considering the growth and yield indicators of A. rugosa,Fe1 Zn1( The concentration of iron is 0. 2%,and the concentration of zinc is 0. 1%)treatment was considerd the best processing portfolio for iron and zinc application. Zinc-iron fertilizers could increase the content of iron and zinc in different parts of A. rugosa. The content of zinc in different parts showed the trend of leaf >root > stem,while the content of iron in different parts followed the order of root > leaf > stem,i.e. the zinc focused on A. rugosa leaves while the iron was mainly concentrated in the A. rugosa root. High concentrations of foliar iron contributed to the accumulation of calcium content in leaf. Iron and zinc combination could significantly increase the volatile oil content of A. rugosa and affect the volatile oil components. Although rational application of iron and zinc could increase the main chemical components of A. rugosa,the application of exorbitant concentration played a inhibitory effect.This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of iron and zinc fertilizer in the production of Agastache rugosa.