顶小穗簇生型早籼稻新种质的创制与鉴定

Creation and Identification of New Germplasm of Early Indica Rice With Top Spikelet Cluster

为获得理想的顶小穗簇生型早籼稻新种质,本研究以ZC1、中嘉早17、中佳早10号、嘉兴06-6、温814、温922、台早10-02、辐017、Z10-08、中佳早06和NZ07-51为亲本材料,利用顶小穗3粒簇生型常规中籼稻突变体与常规早籼稻有性杂交、后代复交,并经世代选育,育成了12份性状稳定、顶小穗2～5粒簇生的常规早籼稻新种质,再通过叶瘟抗性、生育期、产量、农艺及穗部簇生性状和稻米品质的鉴定,明确各种质的性状特征表现。结果表明,育成的12份顶小穗簇生型早籼稻新种质簇生粒率高,生育期和结实率较为理想,其中C1、C8、C9、C10和C11为粘稻,其余为糯稻,C3、C12叶瘟抗性较好,C1、C2、C4、C8、C9和C11千粒重在26. 0 g以上,C1、C5、C6、C7、C9、C10、C11和C12产量较对照增加,其中C10具有较高的增产潜力。本研究结果为顶小穗簇生穗性状研究和育种利用提供了一定的种质资源和技术支撑。

In order to obtain ideal new germplasm of early indica rice with top spikelet cluster,12 new germplasms of conventional early indica rice with stable traits and 2-5 panicles of a cluster in apical spikelet are bred by a cross between a conventional mid-season rice mutant with 3 panicles of a cluster in apical spikelet and an early indica rice,ZC1,Zhongjiazao 17,Zhongjiazao 10,Jiaxing 06-6,Wen 814,Wen 922,Taizao 10-02,Fu 017,Z10-08,Zhongjiazao 06 and NZ07-51 weve used as parents in this study. Then,through the identification of leaf blast resistance,growth period,yield,agronomic and panicle traits and rice quality,the germplasms were characterized. The results showed that the 12 new early indica rice germplasms with top spikelet cluster had high clustered grain rate,suitable growth period and high seed setting rate. Among 12 germplasms,C1,C8,C9,C10 and C11 are glutinous rice,and the rest are waxy rice. The leaf blast resistance of C3 and C12 are better,and the 1000 grain weight of C1,C2,C4,C8,C9 and C11 are above 26. 0 g. The yields of C1,C5 C6,C7,C9,C10,C11 and C12 are more obvious than the control,and C10 has a potentiality of higher yield. The results of this study provide germplasm resources and technical support for research and breeding utilization of clustered spikelet trait.