江西野生毛花猕猴桃群体SSR遗传多样性研究

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Populations in Actinidia eriantha Benth.Based on Simple Sequence Repeat(SSR) Markers

为分析江西野生毛花猕猴桃群体遗传多样性,以江西省境内的5个野生毛花猕猴桃雄性群体(72个个体)为试验材料,采用SSR分子标记技术,选取15对多态性引物,利用聚丙烯酰胺电泳对PCR产物进行检测。结果表明,15对SSR引物共检测到86个位点,多态性位点百分率为100. 0%;观察到的平均等位基因数为5. 733,有效等位基因数为3. 002,Shannon信息指数为1. 046。表观杂合度介于0. 111～0. 819之间,预期杂合度介于0. 041～0. 876之间,遗传分化系数为2. 01,野生毛花猕猴桃雄性群体间存在较大的遗传分化。5个毛花猕猴桃雄性群体遗传距离范围为0. 102～0. 409,遗传相似度范围为0. 665～0. 903,群体间遗传距离与地理距离无相关性。群体的遗传多样性丰富度依次为庐山>井冈山>南源山>武功山>麻姑山,江西地区供试的野生毛花猕猴桃雄性群体在分子水平上具有丰富的多态性。本研究结果为毛花猕猴桃雄性品种选育、种质创新与利用提供了一定的理论基础。

In order to analyse genetic divertsities of 72 individuals from five wild male populations of Actinidia eriantha in Jiangxi province of China,we selected 15 pairs of primers with high polymorphism and used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to detect PCR products based on SSR technique. A total of 86 polymorphic loci were identified using 15 pairs of primers,and 100% of the loci identified were polymorphic. The mean number of observed number of alleles,effect alleles per locus and Shannon’ s information index was 5. 733,3. 002 and 1. 046,respectively. Observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity and the genetic differentiation coefficient was ranged about 0.042 ~ 0.819,0.041~ 0.876 and 2.01,respectively,which meant that there were large genetic differences among the wild male A. eriantha populations. The genetic distance and the genetic identity of the five populations were 0.102 ~ 0.409 and 0.665 ~ 0.903 respectively,and no relationship was observed between genetic distance and geographical distance. The relative richness of genetic diversity among the five wild male A. eriantha populations was as following: Lushanshan > Jingangshan >Nanyuanshan>Wugongshan>Magushan. The results of this study showed that a high level of genetic diversity was existed in male A. eriantha of Jiangxi province,and the results can also be useful for breeding new varieties of A. eriantha and germplasm innovation and utilization.