不同壮秧剂对水稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Different Seedling Strengthening Agents on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings

为探究不同壮秧剂对水稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,以龙粳31和垦稻24为供试品种,共设置9种调节剂[多效唑(MET)、脱落酸(ABA)、壳寡糖(COS)、萘乙酸(NAA)、烯效唑(S3307)、吲哚丁酸钾(IBAK)、缩节胺(DPC)、1-(3-甲酸甲酯-1,2,4-三唑)-基-3.3-二甲基-2-丁酮(CGR3)和胺鲜酯(DTA-6)]与壮秧肥配施的新型壮秧剂处理,以不添加调节剂的壮秧肥为CK,研究不同壮秧剂对水稻幼苗形态建成、生物量积累、分配和生理特性等方面的调控效果。结果表明,MET、COS、ABA、NAA、IBAK、DPC和CGR3均能促进龙粳31和垦稻24叶片中光合色素含量,其中,MET和ABA处理的2个品种叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶黄素和总叶绿素均与CK间差异达到显著水平。MET、ABA和COS能有效促进同化产物向根中转运,2个品种根中淀粉含量均高于CK。各壮秧剂处理(除NAA和DPC外)均对龙粳31和垦稻24幼苗生长有促进作用,且其根冠比均显著高于CK。MET、S3307、DPC和DTA-6处理均提高了2个品种的壮苗指数和充实度。MET和S3307处理降低了2个品种的株高,但增加了茎基宽。COS和ABA处理下,龙粳31的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均高于CK,MET处理下的龙粳31和垦稻24的CAT活性最高。综上可知,MET、ABA和COS这3种壮秧剂能够提高龙粳31和垦稻24秧苗素质和植株抗性,有利于水稻幼苗生长,其中垦稻24作用效果优于龙粳31。本研究结果为化控技术在壮秧剂中的应用和水稻培育壮秧提供了理论依据和技术指导。

In order to estimate the effects of different seedling strengthening agent on the growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings,rice varieties of Longjing 31 and Kendao Rice 24 were used in this experiment,and a total of 9 kinds of regulators were set up,such as paclobutrazol(MET),Abscisic acid(ABA),chitosan oligosaccharide(COS),1-naphthylacetic acid(NAA),unic-onazole(S3307),indole-3-butyricacid,potassium-salt(IBAK),mepiquatchloride(DPC),methyl-1-(3,3-dimenthyl-2-oxobutyl)-1 H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxy-late(CGR3)and diethyl aminoethylhexanoate(DTA-6)'for treatments.CK is a strong seedling without regulators.The effect of different seedlings on the morphological construction,biomass accumulation,distribution and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings was studied.The results showed that MET,COS,ABA,NAA,IBAK,DPC and CGR3 treatments promoted the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of Longjing 31 and Kendao 24.Among them,treatment of MET and ABA significantly increased chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,lutein and total chlorophyll contents in leaves of two cultivars.MET,ABA and COS effectively promoted the transport of assimilated products to roots,and the starch content in roots of the two varieties was higher than CK.All treatments(except NAA and DPC)promoted the growth of Longjing 31 and Kendao 24 seedlings,and their root-shoot ratio was significantly higher than CK.MET,S3307,DPC and DTA-6 treatments improved the seedling in-dex and plant height ratio of the two varieties.MET and S3307 treatments reduced the heights of Longjing 31 and Kengdao 24 and increased the width of stem base.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)of Longjing 31 were higher than those of CK under COS and ABA treatments,while the CAT activity of two cultivars treated with MET reached the maximum of all treatment.In conclusion,MET,ABA and COS can improve the seedling quality and plant resistance of Longjing 31 and Kendao 24,which is beneficial to the growth of rice seedlings,the effect of Kendao 24 was better than Longjing 31 among them.The results of this study provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the application of regulators in rice seedling strengthening agents and the cultivation of rice seedlings.