38个粒用高粱品种芽期耐盐性的综合鉴定及评价

Comprehensive Identification and Evaluation of 38 Grain Sorghum Cultivars for Tolerance During Germination

为筛选适合盐碱地种植的粒用高粱品种,在150 mmol·L-1NaCl浓度下对38个粒用高粱品种进行芽期耐盐性的筛选和评价。结果表明,盐胁迫下,38个高粱品种除根冠比外,发芽势、发芽率、根长和叶长均受到不同程度的抑制;各性状的相对值以相对根冠比(CV=62. 84%)和相对根长(CV=44. 55%)的变异较大;各性状的盐害率则以发芽率的盐害率(CV=39. 86%)变异最大。盐胁迫下,相对发芽势与相对发芽率呈显著正相关(R=0. 341),而二者与相对根长(R=0. 214;R=-0. 041)和相对叶长(R=0. 041;R=0. 205)之间无显著相关性。通过主成分分析确定了2类主成分,分别反映根部生长状况和萌发状况;同时根据各因子的载荷矩阵确定相对根冠比、相对发芽势和相对发芽率可以作为高粱耐盐性的鉴定指标。主成分得分值和模糊隶属函数值间呈显著正相关,表明可以通过二者的综合得分进行高粱耐盐性评价和分类。同时,本研究筛选出了耐盐性品种通杂141、晋粱白2号、吉杂137、龙米粱1号和吉杂148。本研究结果为芽期高粱耐盐性品种的筛选提供了理论基础和鉴定方法。

38 grain sorghum cultivars were assessed and screened under 150 mmol·L-1 NaCl in order to get salt tolerant cultivars which would be grown in saline and alkaline soil.The result showed that germination potential,germination rate,root length and shoot length of 38 grain sorghums were differently inhibited by saline expect root shoot ratio;Variation coefficients of relative root shoot ratio(CV=62.84%)and relative root length(CV=44.55%)were higher than other relative values of all the traits,while variation coefficients of salt injury rate of germination potential(CV=39.86%)was the highest in salt injury rates of all traits.Relative germination potential and relative germination rate had significant positive correlation(R=0.341),while they had no correlation with relative root length(R=0.214;R=-0.041)and relative shoot length(R=0.041;R=0.205).Two principal components were ascertained by principal component analysis,which reflected root growth and germination situation,respectively;Relative ratio of root versus shoot,relative germination potential and relative germination rate were ascertained as salt tolerance identification index by loading matrix of each component.There was significant positive correlation between principal component score and membership values,which indicated that comprehensive score for both would be adapted in evaluation and classification for salt tolerance of sorghum.The research also screened strong salt tolerant cultivars,such as Tongza141,Jinliangbai2,Jiza137,Longmiliang1,Jiza148 and so on.The findings supplied theoretical basis and identification method for salt tolerant screening of sorghum at germination stage.