中国南瓜对嫁接黄瓜产量与风味影响的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Commodity Fruit Production and Taste in Grafted Cucumber Using Cucurbita moschata Germplasms as Rootstocks

为探讨中国南瓜砧木种质资源的多样性,筛选同时具有较高产量和较优风味品质嫁接黄瓜的中国南瓜砧用种质,本研究以国内外102份中国南瓜高代自交系种质为砧木,以黄瓜品种新泰密刺为接穗进行嫁接,利用主成分分析、隶属函数分析和聚类分析对嫁接黄瓜形态学和农艺性状等13项指标进行综合评价。结果表明,与对照新泰密刺相比,102份嫁接组合的各项指标存在广泛变异,主成分分析显示前5个主成分累计贡献率达到86.226%,其中植株产量因子、雌花因子、果实风味因子是构成嫁接组合性状差异的主要因子。系统聚类分析将102个嫁接组合划分为4个类群,隶属函数分析表明柿饼南瓜5Bb636-3(N67)和三禾13-s08z13-3(N91)等7份砧木的嫁接组合产量和口感等各项指标表现突出,可作为南瓜砧木品种选育的优异亲本材料。本研究进一步丰富了中国南瓜砧木的评价体系,为选育嫁接黄瓜性状良好的中国南瓜砧木品种提供了重要依据。

The object of present study is to establish a system for evaluating commodity fruit quality and taste in grafted cucumber using pumpkin(Cucurbita moschata)germplasms as rootstock and develop novel pumpkin germplasms for rootstocks.Xin Tai Mi Ci cucumber seedlings,were grafted onto 102 pumpkin rootstocks.13 indices of morphological and agronomic traits were measured in 102 graft combinations.A comprehensive evaluation method containing principal component,membership functions and system clustering was applied to analyze indices in different graft combinations,with Xin Tai Mi Ci as control.The results showed that 13 indices of morphological and agronomic traits displayed wide variations among the graft combinations.According to principal component analysis,the cumulative contributions rate of the first five principal components reached up to 86.226%.Several indices involved in production,fertility and taste were main factors resulting in differences among the graft combinations.By system clustering analysis,102 graft combinations were divided into 4 groups.In membership function analysis,seven germplasms including Shi Bing Nan Gua 5 Bb636-3(N67)and San He 13-s08 z13-3(N91)which have desirable traits were selected as the optimal rootstock among the 102 graft combinations.This study would provide a basis theory for screening suitable pumpkin rootstocks for grafted cucumber and pumpkin breeding.