2013-2016年洛阳市手足口病病原学及流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological and Etiological Characteristics of Hand-Foot and Mouth Disease in Luoyang in 2013-2016

目的分析洛阳市手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采取描述性流行病学方法对2013-2016年洛阳市手足口病监测资料和病原学监测结果进行统计分析。结果 2013-2016年洛阳市共确诊手足口病2 911例,发病呈现周期性和季节性;发病高峰集中在4～7月;病例以4岁以下儿童为主,占总病例数的91.24%;男性发病率高于女性,病例主要为散居儿童,占总病例的74.51%;引起手足口病流行的病原体为肠道病毒71(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16)和其他肠道病毒,其中EV71是引起手足口病的主要病原体。结论洛阳市2013-2016年手足口病流行存在明显的季节、人群特征,尤其应该注意其他肠道病毒引起的手足口病例的增多现象,应继续加强监测、宣传教育以及重点人群的综合防控。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Luoyang city from2013 to 2016 and provide scientific evidence for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive methods on epidemiology and detection on pathogens were conducted in Luoyang city from 2013 to 2016. Results 2 911 HFMD cases were confirmed in 2013-2016, there were obvious seasonality and periodicity;the peak season of incidence were seen from April to July;age of the patients mainly fell in children aged 4 and below, taking up 91.24 %of the total cases;the reported incidence for males was higher than that in females, the scattered children were mainly attacked people, with a percentage of 74.51 %;spectrums of pathogens that causing the prevalence of HFMD were EV71 type, Cox A16 type and other enteroviruses, EV71 is the dominant pathogen of HFMD. Conclusions There were obvious seasonal and population characteristics of HFMD in Luoyang city from 2013 to 2016. Especially, the booming of HFMD cases caused by other enterovirus should be paid attention, it is desired that surveillance, publicity education and comprehensive prevention and control of disease on HFMD targeting on key population should be continually implemented.