湖南湘潭地区脑卒中数据库的初步建设及分析

A preliminary construction and analysis of stroke data bank of Xiangtan,Hunan Province

目的:初步建设具有湖南湘潭地区特点的脑卒中数据库,研究本地区不同年龄组卒中患者的人口学及危险因素构成等指标,为脑卒中的预防及治疗提供依据。方法:参照成都卒中登记项目以及南京卒中注册登记项目,采用前瞻性多中心调查方式,收集2009年1月~2012年5月间在湘潭地区多中心脑卒中登记项目中注册的2082例卒中患者的人口学、病因学、临床特点和危险因素等资料,登记编码,建成数据库。结果:纳入数据库的2082例患者中,包括男性1230例(占59.08%),女性852例(占40.92%);其中,诊断脑梗死1431例(占68.73%),短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)141例(占6.77%),脑出血417例(占20.03%),蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)93例(占4.47%);平均年龄为65.71±10.06岁;青年组卒中(【45岁)192例(占9.22%),危险因素由高到低依次为高血压病、吸烟、饮酒、高脂血症、糖尿病、卒中家族史、心脏病、药物滥用、脑卒中病史;中老年组卒中(≥45岁)1890例(占90.78%),危险因素由高到低依次为高血压病、心脏病、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒、高脂血症、卒中家族史、脑卒中病史、药物滥用,青年卒中与中老年卒中的病因及危险因素等均存在差异性。结论:湘潭地区不同年龄组脑卒中患者的危险因素构成存在差异,故应根据年龄差别有针对性的开展脑卒中的一、二级预防;以医院为基础建立的多中心卒中数据库切实反映了湘潭地区脑卒中的现状及特点,为脑卒中的防治提供了可靠的依据。

Objective To set up a preliminary construction of Stroke data bank of Xiangtan region and to study the information of demography and risk factors between different age groups of stroke cases in this region which can provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods According to the way of Chengdu Stroke Registry Program and Nanjing Stroke Registry Program, we used 2082 stroke cases prospectively, which had been registered in a multi-hospital system of stroke cases in Xiangtan region between January 2009 to May 2012. The demographic, etiologic, clinical parameters and risk factors of the patients were recorded in a comput-erized stroke date bank. Results A total of 2082 cases, including 1230 males (59.08%) and 852 females (40.92%), were computerized. Among them, 1431 (68.73%) were diagnosed cerebral infarction, 141 (6.77%) were diagnosed transient ischemic attack (TIA), 417 (20.03%) were diagnosed intracerebral hemorrhage, 93 (4.47%) were diag-nosed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The average age is 65.71 ± 10.06 years. The number of young stroke pa-tients (<45 years) is 192 (9.22%) and the risk factors for stroke ranged from high to low are hypertension, smoking,drinking, family history of stroke, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, stroke, heart disease, drug abuse and prior stroke his-tory. The number of elderly stroke patients (≧45 years) is 1890 (90.78%) and the risk factors for stroke ranged from high to low are hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, smoking, drinking, family history of stroke, hyperlipi-demia, prior stroke history and drug abuse. Conclusion As there are differences in the risk factors of stroke cases between different age groups, it is suitable to perform a targeted primary or secondary prevention according to the age of stroke cases. The multi-hospital system of stroke cases in Xiangtan truly shows the present situation and features in the region, and provide reliable evidence for preventing and treating stroke.