河南省居民戒烟行为现状调查

Status of smoking cessation among residents in Henan Province

目的:了解河南省居民的戒烟现状、戒烟意愿及戒烟服务接受情况,为有针对性地制定控烟措施提供依据。方法:采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在河南省16个监测点共抽取15～69岁城乡常住居民3 768人进行面对面问卷调查。结果:2015年河南省15～69岁居民吸烟率为31. 77%,现在吸烟率为26. 17%,戒烟率为17. 63%,成功戒烟率为11. 61%,戒烟率及成功戒烟率均随着年龄的增高而升高(P <0. 05);现在吸烟者中,就诊时医护人员建议戒烟的比例为47. 16%,随着吸烟者年龄的增长,医护人员劝戒烟的比例升高(P <0. 05),就诊时医护人员建议戒烟者,其未来打算戒烟和尝试过戒烟的比例高于就诊时未接受过医护人员建议戒烟者(P <0. 05);现在吸烟者中知晓戒烟电话和戒烟门诊者所占的比例分别为37. 22%和30. 63%,如果戒烟可能会使用戒烟电话和戒烟门诊者分别占30. 12%和16. 94%。结论:河南省居民吸烟率较高,吸烟者戒烟愿望较强,自觉戒烟行为较多,有一定的成功戒烟率,但戒烟服务明显不足。

To explore the status of smoking cessation, intention to quit smoking and receiving smoking cessation service among residents in Henan Province and provide the basis for the government to make effective tobacco control measures. Methods: A total of 3 768 residents aged 15 to 69 years from 16 monitoring stations in Henan Province were sampled by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling and investigated with a questionnaire. Results: The rates of smoking and currently smoking among residents aged 15 to 69 years in Henan Province were 31. 77% and 26. 17%. The rates of quitting smoking and successful quitting smoking were 17. 63% and 11. 61%. The quitting smoking and successful quitting smoking rates both increased with age( P < 0. 05) . There were 47. 16% currently smoker received medical workers' quitting smoking advice, which increased with age( P < 0. 05) . The rates of intending to quit smoking and attempting to quit smoking among the smoker who had received medical workers' quitting smoking advice were significantly higher than those had not received ( P < 0. 05) . The awareness rates of quitting smoking line and smoking cessation clinic were separately 37. 22% and 30. 63%. The usage rates of quitting smoking line and smoking cessation clinic in the future when they were going to quit smoking were separately 30. 12% and 16. 94%. Conclusion: The smoking rate is relatively high in Henan Province,and the intentions to quit smoking is stronger. But the smoking cessation services are lack.