中医院校护理学专业学生攻击性行为与共情的现状调查与相关分析

Investigation and Correlation Analysis of Aggressive Behavior and Empathy of Nursing Students in Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的:探讨中医院校护理本科生攻击性行为现状、影响因素及与共情的相关关系,为降低护理学专业学生的攻击性行为,提高学生的心理健康水平提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法选取湖南中医药大学护理专业学生450名,采用一般资料调查表、攻击性行为量表和杰弗逊共情量表对护理学专业学生进行问卷调查。结果:护理学专业学生的攻击性行为分值为(72.62±14.88)分,略低于普通大学生的攻击性水平;其中,男性护理专业学生的攻击性水平高于女性;农村护理专业学生高于城市护理专业学生;独生子女高于非独生子女;在4个年级的学生中,大一学生的攻击性行为得分最高,其次是大二的学生,大三学生的攻击性行为得分最低,大四的学生得分略高于大二的学生,4个年级护理学专业学生攻击性行为得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理学专业学生的攻击性行为总分与共情能力总分呈负相关。结论:农村、独生子女的男性护理专业学生是攻击性行为发生的高危人群,院校应对此类学生加以关注;不同年级学生的攻击性行为得分有明显的差异,相关高校应采取措施对护理专业学生尤其是大一和大四学生进行干预;护理专业学生的攻击性行为与共情能力呈显著负相关,采取相关措施提升共情能力,可以降低学生的攻击性水平。

Objective:To explore the status quo,influencing factors and the relationship between aggressive behavior and empathy of nursing undergraduates in colleges of traditional Chinese medicine,so as to provide evidence for reducing aggressive behavior of nursing students and improving their mental health.Methods:A total of 450 nursing students from Hu'nan university of traditional Chinese medicine were selected by convenient sampling method.The general survey questionnaire,aggressive behavior scale and Jefferson empathy scale were used to conduct questionnaire surveys for nursing students.Results:The aggressive behavior score of nursing students was(72.62±14.88),which was slightly lower than that of ordinary college students.Among them,the level of aggression of male nursing students was higher than that of females;rural nursing students are higher than urban nursing students;single-child children are higher than non-only children;among the four grades,freshmen score the highest in aggressive behavior,followed by sophomores and juniors score was the lowest,the score of the seniors was slightly higher than that of the sophomores,and the scores of the aggressive behaviors of the four grade nursing students were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of aggressive behavior of nursing students was negatively correlated with the total score of empathy.Conclusion:The male nursing students in rural areas and only children are high-risk groups for aggressive behaviors.Colleges and universities should pay attention to such students.The score of aggressive behaviors of students of different grades is obviously different.Relevant colleges and universities should take measures to intervene in nursing majors,especially freshmen and seniors.The aggressive behaviors of nursing students are significantly negatively correlated with empathy and the universities should formulate effective measures to promote the students'empathy which could reduce the aggressive behaviors of nursing students.